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VOL. 11, ISSUE 3 (2026)
Investigation of heavy metals in tap water and underground water using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry(AAS) and Flame Absorption Spectrometry (FAS)
Authors
Dr. Rekha Suman
Abstract
The present manuscript mainly deals with the
quality of drinking water supplied to the general drinking water network of
Agra city (India) tap water and ground water. A total of four different sites
were selected for this study. The chemical and biological parameters were
carefully determined and compared to the WHO and Indian standard. The chemical
analysis was performed mainly to estimate the level of some heavy metals (Zn,
Cd, Cu, Pb, Fe) using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) followed by biological
test using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method for a possible microbial
contamination. The obtained results of both chemical and biological analysis
revealed that the distributed water is safe to drink except in one site. The
analysis also showed that the quality of water remains mostly unchanged in
terms of chemical and biological (micro-organisms) aspects. Estimation of heavy
metals was below the limits. The percentage of RSD value was less than 2.5 %
based on triplicate run. Overall, investigation of both chemical and microbial
aspects is an effective method of monitoring quality of drinking water. Such
investigation is needed to identify possible sources of contamination which
could be storage tanks and pipeline to ensure the reach of safe drinking water
to the users by Flame Absorption Spectroscopty (FAS).
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Pages:1-3
How to cite this article:
Dr. Rekha Suman "Investigation of heavy metals in tap water and underground water using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry(AAS) and Flame Absorption Spectrometry (FAS)". International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Vol 11, Issue 3, 2026, Pages 1-3
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