Medicinal plants have always played a key role in traditional healthcare systems, and modern research supports their healing properties. Plumeria pudica (Apocynaceae) is an ornamental plant found in tropical regions. It has captured scientific interest because of its varied medicinal potential. Almost every part of the plant, especially the leaves and latex, has been traditionally used to treat various conditions. This review looks at the phytochemical composition and therapeutic effects of P. pudica, focusing on its antimicrobial, antidiarrheal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerative colitis, and anti-Alzheimer’s properties.