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VOL. 11, ISSUE 1 (2026)
Antiulcer activity of methanolic extract of pulp of Psidium guajava in Aspirin-induced gastric ulcer model in mice
Authors
Deepak Verma, Yashraj Yadav, Dishant Gupta, Raksha Goswami, Sohan S Chauhan, Manju Chouhan
Abstract
It is a chronic gastrointestinal ailment that is caused by an imbalance
between aggressive factors such as gastric acid, pepsin, and non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs), on the one hand, and the defensive
mechanisms of the gastric mucosa, on the other. Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a
specific type of ulcer that occurs in the stomach. Because of its analgesic,
antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects, aspirin is one of the most commonly
prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, chronic use
of aspirin is strongly related with the development of stomach ulcers. There is
a reduction in prostaglandin synthesis, impaired mucus secretion, and limited
mucosal blood flow as a consequence of aspirin's ability to promote mucosal
injury. This is mostly accomplished through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase
enzymes. Although there are a number of synthetic antiulcer medicines available
for the management of peptic ulcer disease, such as proton pump inhibitors and
H2-receptor antagonists, the use of these drugs for an extended period of time
is frequently linked with unpleasant effects, drug interactions, and relapses
of ulceration. Because of this, there is a growing interest in investigating
herbal medicines as potential alternatives that are both safer and more
cost-effective. Psidium guajava, more often referred to as guava, is a
member of the Myrtaceae family and has been utilized for centuries in the
treatment of individuals suffering from gastrointestinal issues. There is a large
variety of bioactive phytochemicals found in the pulp of the fruit. These
phytochemicals include flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds, all of
which have the ability to protect cells from damage and to act as antioxidants.
Through the use of an aspirin-induced gastric ulcer model in mice, the current
investigation was meant to assess the antiulcer activity of a methanolic
extract of the pulp of Psidium guajava. Swiss albino mice were separated
into five different experimental groups: a normal control group, an ulcer
control group, a standard drug-treated group (omeprazole), a test low-dose
group, and a test high-dose group. Each of these groups was given a different
amount of the drug. A period of fasting was followed by the oral dose of
aspirin, which resulted in the development of gastric ulcers. Evaluations were
performed on a number of criteria, including ulcer index, percentage
inhibition, gastric pH, and total acidity measurements. The statistical
analysis was performed by first employing a one-way analysis of variance, and
then proceeding to apply Dunnett's test. When compared to the group that served
as the control for ulcers, the methanolic extract of Psidium guajava
pulp resulted in a significant and dose-dependent reduction in ulcer index, as
well as an increase in gastric pH and a decrease in total gastric acidity. In
terms of its gastroprotective properties, the extract comparable to that of the
medication omeprazole, which is the conventional treatment. When it comes to
the treatment of peptic ulcer illness, the findings of this study offer
scientific evidence that lends support to the traditional usage of pulp from Psidium
guajava.
Pages:8-10
How to cite this article:
Deepak Verma, Yashraj Yadav, Dishant Gupta, Raksha Goswami, Sohan S Chauhan, Manju Chouhan "Antiulcer activity of methanolic extract of pulp of <i>Psidium guajava</i> in Aspirin-induced gastric ulcer model in mice". International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Vol 11, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 8-10
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